This gallery features modern Philippine art from the 1920s to the 1970s. Victorio C. Edades (1895-1985) spearheaded Modernism in the country. He was influenced deeply by his studies and exposure to the style in the United States. Works of Manuel Rodriguez, Sr. (1912-2017), Juvenal Sanso (b. 1929), and Galo Ocampo (1913-1985), as well as sculptures by Diosdado Lorenzo (1906-1984), are also featured here.

"Pillars of Philippine Modernism" is an exhibition at the National Museum of Fine Arts in the Philippines that features the works of six influential Filipino artists who were instrumental in the development of modern art in the country. The exhibition showcases the works of Vicente Manansala, Victorio Edades, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, Jose Joya, Arturo Luz, and Cesar Legaspi. These artists were known for breaking away from traditional art forms and introducing new techniques and styles, which helped shape the course of Philippine art history.

The exhibition provides visitors with a deeper understanding and appreciation of the contributions of these artists to the development of modern art in the Philippines.